Quantum dot TVs - what are the advantages? Plasma TV, LCD, LCD, LED, OLED, Quantum dots

In 2017, Samsung launched a line of its new TVs on the market, the screens of which are made using QLED technology. The abbreviation can be read as Quantum dot () + LED (light emitting diode) = QLED, although, logically, it should still be QDLED, but QLED sounds much nicer, so South Korean marketers decided to leave this particular name option for quantum dot screens.

Many may think that QLED is a new development, but in fact this is the third generation of Samsung TVs using quantum dots, because we saw screens made using this technology in the SUHD TV lines of 2015 and 2016. Although, of course, there are many changes in the models that went on sale in 2017.

For example, the Moth Eye filter on Samsung QLED TVs has now been replaced with an ultra-thin film that not only reduces panel reflections, but also helps create darker blacks and helps preserve colors at sharper viewing angles. Where the KS8000 (for example) slowly loses saturation when viewed from more extreme angles, the Samsung Q9 performs much better.


Samsung has finally achieved its goal and presented a worthy alternative to OLED displays. I have already said in that Samsung at one time refused to invest in the development and improvement of OLED screens, “leaving” this matter to competitors from LG and taking a different path, through the development of LED displays. As a result, after several years, these developments resulted in nothing more than quantum dot screens, which, in fact, are the same LED displays. And yes, again, QLED is positioned as the main competitor to organic OLED displays.

So, to summarize the last four paragraphs, we can say the following: QLED is an improved technology of quantum dot LED screens, models of which were presented in the SUHD line in recent years. Thus, Samsung has separated the QLED flagships from the second-tier models, which are now SUHD. And the new name, to be honest, sounds much better and louder than the previous one, to match its main competitor - LG OLED.

How it works

Quantum dot technology involves placing a layer or film of quantum dots in front of a conventional LED backlight. The layer consists of tiny particles, each of which, passing through light from the LED backlight at the output, creates its own light in a certain color, depending on the size (from 2 to 10 nanometers) of that very point.

Basically, the size of the particle dictates the wavelength of light it emits, hence the large color palette. According to Samsung, quantum dots provide more than a billion colors.


In the third generation of quantum dot TVs, called QLED, the particles have been improved and now have a new core and shell made of a metal alloy. This upgrade improved both overall color accuracy and color accuracy at higher peak brightness.

It is the ability to create a large color volume at high brightness that gives it a claim to beat OLED screens on the market, which do not retain colors well at peak brightness, and the peak brightness in OLED, let's be honest, is much lower than in QLED.

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Maksim 2017-06-15 20:32:53

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3. Samsung SUHD TVs 2016: Quantum Dot technology
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Quantum dots are semiconductor crystals ranging in size from 5 to 10 nanometers (slightly larger than the size of a DNA molecule). Depending on the size and material from which nanocrystals are made, they emit different colors when exposed to electric current or light. And the 10-bit matrix of new Samsung TVs allows you to display up to 1 billion color shades, which makes color reproduction incredibly accurate and rich.

How is Quantum Dot technology different from others?

What benefits does Quantum Dot technology provide? The first LCD TVs were inferior to modern ones in both brightness and color reproduction. Recent generations of LED-backlit LCD TVs have made significant progress in terms of brightness, but do not provide ideal color reproduction.

OLED technology is a compromise solution that provides high-quality color reproduction, but at low brightness. The use of quantum dots allows you to achieve maximum results both in terms of color rendering and brightness, without any compromises. Quantum dot displays reproduce the brightest and most realistic images.

Samsung SUHD TVs use quantum dots as their light source. They emit light that produces natural colors and creates a realistic image.

Quantum dot technology was developed to overcome the shortcomings of OLED. Thus, Quantum Dot screens use materials of inorganic origin, which have a significantly longer service life. And for TVs that have been in use for 7-10 years, this is important. In addition, TVs based on Quantum Dot technology completely avoid the burn-in problem that occurs when using OLED.

Quantum dot technology has been implemented in the following lines of Samsung SUHD TVs available on the Russian market: top-end KS9000 (curved) and KS8000 (flat) with diagonals from 49 to 78 inches, as well as the KS7500 series (curved) with diagonals from 49 to 65 inches and KS7000 (flat) with diagonals from 49 to 60 inches.


Samsung Ultra Black's nano-technology screen coating helps absorb glare from the light reflected by the screen, even in a brightly lit room.

What else is used to improve the image?

In addition to quantum dots, Samsung SUHD TVs use several other important technologies to improve picture quality. For example, Ultra Black technology, which is implemented in new television panels, the structure of which is similar to that of a moth’s eye.

This design feature allows you to minimize glare on the screen, reducing the reflection of external light to 99.7%, and increase contrast by 35%. As a result, the viewer can enjoy excellent black depth when watching TV during the daytime, even in a well-lit room.


HDR 1000 technology (right) provides exceptionally accurate color reproduction across a wide range of shades and a high level of detail.

Another technology embodied in Samsung SUHD TVs in 2016 is HDR 1000. It allows you to recreate a realistic dynamic range of brightness, maintaining rich colors in both dark and light areas of the image. As a result, if a frame contains both very dark and very light areas, they will look much more natural than on a TV screen without HDR support. The peak brightness of new Samsung TVs is 1000 nits, which is reflected in the name of the technology. But to enjoy the HDR effect, you need appropriate content.

RGB vs RGBW panels: which one to choose?

TVs with 4K resolution have appeared relatively recently. At the same time, there are already devices on the market with different types of matrices. For example, there are models that contain only RGB pixels (used in Samsung TVs), and there are panels that have a white pixel added - RGBW. A user who does not understand technological intricacies is unlikely to sense a catch here.

And it exists and is as follows: if in a TV with an RGB matrix each pixel consists of three subpixels of red, blue or green, then in an RGBW matrix there are 75% fewer such pixels. In the rest, one of the primary colors used in displays to form a full palette of shades is replaced by white. As a result, in such TVs only a portion of the pixels are capable of displaying all shades.

Within the framework of the Display Quality Measurement Methodology (IDMS) developed by the ICDM organization, the Contrast Modulation (CM) or “Contrast Modulation” indicator is notable, which allows us to talk about how fully the display is able to display the picture.

This figure for RGBW TVs is one and a half times lower than for RGB: in the first case it is 60%, in the second - 95%. In some countries, contrast modulation information is already provided along with resolution information.

Without special measuring instruments, you can also notice differences in image quality: for example, when clear boundaries of color transitions appear on the screen, on TVs with an RGB panel they are displayed correctly, but on RGBW the edges of the transitions present a slightly staircase structure.

In addition, when an RGB signal is displayed on an RGBW matrix, some color information is lost, as a result of which the film will appear in front of you in a slightly different form than what the director intended.

Photo: Manufacturing companies; PlasmaChem GmbH; Samsung Electronics

Samsung has announced approximate dates for expanding the range of SUHD TV models available in Russia in 2016, as well as recommended prices for them: from 110 thousand to one and a half million rubles. All devices are assembled in Russia - at the Samsung plant in the Kaluga region.

Currently, in Russia you can already buy certain models of TVs from the Korean manufacturer with displays that use quantum dot technology to improve the image, but some lines are either not yet represented on the Russian market at all, or are not represented in all diagonals.

Quantum dots - what are they?

What are quantum dots? These are semiconductor nanocrystals, several dozen atoms in size, that glow when exposed to current or light. They emit different colors depending on the size and material from which they are made. The use of quantum dots in LCD displays makes it possible to improve the color rendition and contrast of the image, bringing it closer to OLED screens and eliminating the need for additional white backlight LEDs (in the RGBW scheme) and color filters. Essentially, quantum dots “convert” the blue light from LEDs into other primary colors, thereby forming an image.

It is these microscopic crystals that glow in a specific color that make it possible to display HDR content on TVs - images and videos with a wide dynamic range, in which details can be seen in both very dark and very light areas. The 2016 model year Samsung TV displays use environmentally friendly, cadmium-free quantum dot technology. Apparently, the Koreans decided to prefer quantum dots to OLED technology, which makes TVs unaffordably expensive and has a number of disadvantages - a limitation on maximum brightness and problems with the gradual burnout of light-emitting elements.

New Samsung TVs 2016

Samsung's most affordable SUHD TV model with support for 4K and HDR1000 (provided by quantum dots) is part of the KS7000 line and has a diagonal of 49 inches. Its recommended retail price is 109,990 rubles, and sales will begin in July. This line will also feature TVs with diagonals of 55 and 60 inches.

The KS7500 line offers roughly the same features and picture quality as the KS7000, but its TVs have curved screens. The 49- and 55-inch KS7500 models are already on sale in Russia (the 49-inch costs RUB 119,990), and the older 60-inch model will debut in retail in July.

A month later, in August, Samsung plans to start selling the top 75-inch model from the KS8000 series of flat-panel TVs already presented in stores, and at the same time the 78-inch curved TV of the KS9000 series will also appear in stores. Finally, the top model 88KS9800 with a price tag of 1,499,990 rubles is planned to enter the Russian market at the end of summer.

All Samsung TVs of the 2016 model year received an elegant (not only front but also back) design, Ultra Black anti-glare coating and new software that makes working with smart applications, including streaming services, as convenient as possible. In addition, the devices are equipped with a special Samsung One Remote, which allows you to control not only the TV, but also other devices connected to it.

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Content

Global manufacturers want to make their products as attractive as possible for users, so they are constantly introducing new technologies. This also affected televisions - ultra-modern models create such a realistic picture that you get the feeling that the action is not happening on the screen, but next to you. Billions of pure colors, rich colors, super-thin display - this is about the latest generation of TVs.

What are quantum dots

The abbreviation QLED (Quantum dot LED) is a designation for the technology used to create quantum dot TVs. The latter are semiconductor nanocrystals. Their diameter reaches 2-6 nanometers. For comparison: the thickness of a human hair is 60-80 thousand nanometers. The peculiarity of quantum dots is that they glow in different colors depending on their size. Like an atom, a nanocrystal can produce light at a specific wavelength.

Large quantum dots emit long red wavelengths. The smallest particles produce short blue waves. This ability of nanocrystals has attracted the attention of scientists. The glow occurs due to the phenomenon of luminescence, i.e. the particles must be excited by additional light or electric current. Experiments with quantum dots began about 30 years ago, but the completed result in the form of implemented SUHD technology was presented by Samsung in 2015.

Quantum dot display

The matrix of QLED TVs consists of several layers: substrate, LED backlight, quantum particles, liquid crystals. The layer of light filters, which is used in conventional LED matrices, is eliminated as unnecessary, because the nanocrystals themselves produce the desired color. Quantum particles absorb light from blue diodes and re-emit it at a clearly defined wavelength. This property allows you to obtain purer basic colors: blue, green, red.

Advantages and disadvantages of quantum TVs

Quantum dot technology was not a colossal breakthrough in the world of science, it is an excellent development of LED technology. The Korean company Samsung managed to create a high-quality product. The devices have the following advantages:

  • Increased color gamut. QLED TVs have more than a billion colors, while conventional LED displays have a little more than 16 million.
  • Quantum particles are capable of reproducing 100% of the color volume. This was confirmed by specialists from the German scientific and technical association Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker. When forming an image, minimal distortion is introduced into the color structure.
  • Peak brightness reaches 1500-2000 nits. The indicator opens up the possibility of using HDR 10 and Dolby Vision technologies. This is achieved in part by reducing the reflectivity of the screen. The display has better color rendering and evenly diffuses light.
  • Colors are not distorted when looking at the screen from any viewing angle.
  • Samsung quantum TVs have great designs. The device has become thinner and lighter, and has very narrow frames.
  • QLED models consume 140-195 W/hour. This is not much, the energy consumption of a plasma TV is 300-500 W/hour, and a large-diagonal LCD screen is 200-250 W/hour.

The vaunted quantum TVs also have disadvantages. There are few of them, but for lovers of an ideal image they are essential:

  • Not the best contrast. The model uses VA panels, but does not have local dimming features. Because of this, the ability to control black levels is less than that of LED LCD and OLED TVs.
  • The need for LED lighting. Quantum dot technology is still being improved, and for now existing quantum models require LED lamps.
  • High price. The price of QLED TVs starts from 120,000 rubles, and 2019 models cost about 330,000 rubles.

Production

QLED technology began to be actively developed in 2004. Scientists founded the QD Vision research laboratory, and soon LG Electronics and Samsung joined their staff. In 2011, Samsung specialists created a prototype of a color screen based on quantum particles, but it did not go into mass production. In 2013, SONY introduced the flagship quantum TV KD-65X9000A. The model is based on Triluminos backlight: it uses blue diodes, and there are no yellow phosphors.

At CES 2015, many developments were presented. This is the SUHDTV model from Samsung, Ultra HD from LG, QD Vision from the Chinese company TCL, ULTRA LED from Hinsense. The most popular quantum TVs are from Samsung; in 2019, it introduced several improved new products in the SUHD line. The most affordable model:

  • Name: Samsung 49″ Q7F 4K Smart QLED TV (QE49Q7FAMUXRU).
  • Price: 119,900 rub.
  • Characteristics: flat screen with a resolution of 3840x2160, image quality index 3100. Technologies HDR 1500, Ultra Black (elimination of glare from external lighting sources), powerful Q Engine processor. One Remote control, Smart View, Auto Detection functions, Dolby Digital Plus support. Power consumption 160 W, peak brightness 73%.
  • Pros: beautiful frameless design, natural image, rich colors, clear picture, high-quality sound, simple controls.
  • Cons: inconvenient connection block, no function for improving image contrast.

If you can buy a more expensive quantum dot TV, pay attention to the Samsung Q9F line. The model presented below was recognized as the best among TVs with HDR function, it took first place in three categories: REFERENZ, INNOVATION, HIGHLIGHT 2019. The main functions are the same as the previous device, but improved:

  • Name: Samsung 88" Q9F 4K Smart QLED TV (QE88Q9FAMUXRU).
  • Price: RUR 1,499,990
  • Characteristics: HDR 2000 technology, widest viewing angles, body material – metal, image quality index 3400, there is a function for improving contrast, increasing the clarity of dynamic scenes. Power consumption 395 W, peak brightness 88%.
  • Pros: thin, fits organically into any interior, has a maximum color range, excellent contrast, and is fast.
  • Cons: expensive.

What is the difference between QLED and OLED

These are two fundamentally different concepts. OLED (organic light-emitting diode) is a technology for creating TVs using organic light-emitting diodes. A carbon-based organic film is placed between the two conductors. The conductors emit electric current, which is picked up by the LEDs and begins to glow. Each pixel emits a wave of a certain color, and adjacent pixels do not affect each other in any way. OLED TVs are mass-produced by LG, Sony, and Panasonic. Comparative characteristics of technologies:

Criterion

OLED TV

Principle of operation

Nanocrystals glow a certain color when they are hit by radiation from diode lamps

Organic diodes do not require a light source; they glow on their own

Contrast level

Tall but imperfect

Deep, vibrant blacks, ideal contrast levels

Color volume

Unrivaled color reproduction, built-in multi-HDR

Excellent color reproduction, but inferior to QLED

Response time

9.9 ms – pixels move quickly so the image comes out with less offset

0.1 ms – pixels change color instantly

Viewing angle

Maximum

TV life

Long

2-3 years with moderate use (no more than 7000 hours) - pixels fade over time

Video

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Quantum dot display

Quantum dots irradiated with ultraviolet light. Different sizes of quantum dots emit different colors.

To create a prototype, a layer of quantum dot solution is applied to a silicon board and a solvent is sprayed. A rubber stamp with a comb surface is then carefully pressed into the layer of quantum dots, peeled off, and stamped onto glass or flexible plastic. This is how stripes of quantum dots are applied to a substrate. In color displays, each pixel contains a red, green, or blue subpixel. These colors are combined in varying intensities to create millions of shades. The researchers were able to create repeatable patterns of red, green and blue stripes by repeatedly using stamping technology. The stripes are applied directly to the matrix of thin-film transistors. The transistors are made from amorphous hafnium indium zinc oxide, which can conduct higher currents and is more stable than conventional amorphous silicon (a-Si) transistors. The resulting display has subpixels about 50 micrometers wide and 10 micrometers long, small enough to be used in phone screens.

According to Seth Coe-Sullivan, founder and CEO of QD Vision, many problems have been solved by Samsung researchers and engineers, but the best quantum dot devices are not as efficient as OLED displays. It is also necessary to increase the service life, as the brightness of QLED displays begins to decrease after 10,000 hours.

Story

The idea of ​​using quantum dots as a light source was first developed in the 1990s. In the early 2000s, scientists began to realize the full potential of quantum dots as the next generation of displays.

Notes


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