RJ 45 pinout by color. RJ45 connector pinout

When creating any network, be it local or global, wires with appropriate connectors are used. The simplest option is a wire with RJ45. These are standard network wires, used to connect computers to switches, and allow you to implement a small network.

Now we will learn how to crimp such cables, and consider all the color pinout options used when using 8-core wires.

Introduction

In fact, now even to create a simple local network for several computers, you can use a variety of technologies. It is not necessary to use standard 100 megabit Ethernet. This can be a wireless option, using a Wi-Fi router, and fiber optic Internet access. But even in this option, if the rj45 wires are not used for installation, they will definitely be useful when setting up the equipment. At least to connect the router to a personal computer, for initial setup.

Another interesting point. Despite the possibility of using more modern technologies, every computer is still equipped with a network card with an RJ45 interface.

Therefore, we must know how to prepare and use the wire with RJ45 connector.

To avoid confusion, let's agree right away. We will call a wire or cable with a connector or RJ45 connector a ready-made network wire, crimped with one of the possible options. They are also often called twisted pair or UTP cable.

Interface, port or connector - an input for connecting such a cable. This could be a network card, router or switch interface.

What do we need

To prepare the cable we need the following things:

Crimping Tools
Eight core UTP cable
RJ-45 connectors

Cable crimp options

There are two main options.

. Used to connect personal computers to switches and routers. The most common cable option. The basic principle is the connection of two interfaces in which different contacts are used to transmit and receive information
Cross cable. With this option we can connect two routers or switches together. Used for devices that use the same contacts for reception and transmission at different ends

Thus, if we want to prepare a straight cable, we must route the contacts equally at both ends.

The straight cable option is shown here.

In turn, a cross connection will have different connections at the ends.

Additional wiring options

You need to know about one feature. In 100 Mbit networks, only 4 of the 8 cores of the UTP wire are used to transmit information. The rest of them are reserved for gigabit networks. This allows for additional network cable crimping options.

Cross cable.

Crimping the cable with your own hands

Take a crimping tool and two RJ45 connectors.

Measure the required length of the future cable and cut it with a small margin.

Now at the end of the cable, make a small cut in the protective sheath and cut it off. You need to free 2-3 centimeters of the veins. We unwind them.

After this, we remove about 2 centimeters of the protective layer from each of the cores. To do this, we cut it with scissors, a knife or a special tool, and pull it together. As a result, we should get 8 ready-made cleaned copper cores in the cable.

Now we take the RJ-45 connector, with the latch facing away from us and the contacts facing up. We will count the contact numbers in this position from left to right.

We leave it in this position and select the required cable crimping option from those presented above. Now, based on the diagram, you should connect all the wires to the corresponding sockets of the connector.

At the same time, make sure that each wire of a certain color corresponds to its place, based on the selected wiring diagram. Insert them into the slots all the way to the end. When finished, place the RJ-45 jack with the wires inserted into the crimping tool and secure it into place. This way you will make a network cable with an RJ-45 connector.

Do the same steps for the other end of the cable. After the RJ-45 crimp is completed, check the cable in action.

Video for the article:

Conclusion

When choosing a network cable, consider its application. Based on this, you need to choose a crimping option. It is considered good form to mark the cable, indicating how it was crimped - straight or cross-connected. This will help you avoid problems with networking.

In any case, manually check the crimped wires with RJ-45 interfaces. For this you can use special testers.

Needed for correct addressing between nodes.

Why look for information on other sites if everything is collected here?

- description, features, operating principle

How to crimp a twisted pair RJ-45 - 8P8C (rg45, rg 45 ko45) for a network - hub - router or patch cord pinout:
Installation is carried out with a special crimp that presses the metal contacts of the connector, pointed on the reverse side, into the wire, resulting in a tight contact. Crimping Rg45 is within the capabilities of anyone. As a last resort, several connectors can be crimped with a screwdriver, with some skill; we will write about this at the very end of this instruction manual, since there are simpler options.
Crimping, pinout of RJ-45 by color - color scheme:
B O O B Z S B S Z B K K
White-Orange * Orange * White-Green * Blue * White-Blue * Green * White-Brown * Brown

Decoding	Designation of pin - contact rj45
The most common crimping sequence for a twisted pair cable is:	BO	ABOUT	BZ	WITH	BS	Z	BC	TO
Twisted pair insulation color	White-orange-yellow	Orange	White-Green	Blue	White-Blue	Green	White-Brown	Brown
Pin number of RJ45 twisted pair, from left to right, metal contacts to the top - twisted pair to itself - as shown in the photo below	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8

According to the EIA/TIA-568B standard, computer, TV, receiver - hub, router, rack. We crimp the cable equally at both ends as shown in the photo below. One end is the computer network card connector, the other is the hub-router socket. The pinout diagram for the patch cord wiring (short wire for connecting the rack) is similar.

When using the installation of a computer-network socket, select option “B” for the sockets.

Connecting two network cards (computers) directly (without a hub) computer-to-computer, crossover rj45:

Crossover cable (cross-over Crossover) for connecting two network cards (computers) directly (without a hub) computer-to-computer with speeds up to 100 megabits: The white-orange core changes to white-green, orange to green.
B Z Z B O S B S O B K K

We crimp the wire on one side as shown in the first photo, and on the other side of the wire as shown below. As a result, we will crimp a cable that can connect computers directly, without a hub router, i.e. network card to computer network card.

Those. computer-to-computer network without a hub router on one side of the wire is the standard twisted pair crimp above and on the other end of the wire we swap the wires in the following sequence: BZ - Z - BO -S - BS - OR - BK - K.

One twisted pair - one wire-cable for two computers:

Crimping diagram for twisted pair 4 wires. Typically used when it is difficult to pull a second cable. This crimping scheme - cross-cable wiring - is suitable for a 100-Mbit connection, since when using a 100-Mbit connection, only 2 of 4 pairs are involved, namely orange-b/orange and green-b/green.

If it is impossible to lay an additional twisted pair cable or simply to save money, they often use unused ones - blue and brown pairs. In this case, as already mentioned, you can get by with one cable for two computers.

Cable crimping for gigabit network

When using a gigabit connection, all 4 pairs of conductors are already used. In this case, the cable crimping at one end is done as in the first photo, and at the second it takes the form: BZ Z BO K BK O BS S

After any crimping, it is advisable to ring the contact with a tester (a special device that sequentially checks all wire lines), and in its absence, if clearly necessary, with a multimeter.

Crimping RJ 45 with a screwdriver or what to do when you don’t have a crimp at hand?

Now let's return to the hopeless situation when we can't get the crimp. What needs to be done is to restore the network here and now. That is, compress rg45 with a screwdriver in case of typos (rg45? Ko-45, k45, k45). So, we take a supply of connectors, and, as always, a twisted pair pair with a reserve of length. Then, carefully, using small wire cutters and/or side cutters and/or just a sharp knife, without allowing any strong flattening, we cut off the wire evenly. Then, with a reserve, sand the top braid of the twisted pair. Then we unravel and smooth it into a row according to the diagram given above for the colors of the wiring. If you have sanded the wire too much or the ends of the cut are flattened, simply, for example, trim them evenly on a wooden board with a sharp knife. Then insert it as shown in the picture.

So that the metal core would be clearly visible and rest against the very end of the connector and be visible from the side - if you look at the picture, then from the top side. Then, using a small, sharp enough screwdriver, we carefully press in the metal contacts of the connector so that from the side - in the figure above we clearly saw that each connector has pierced the wire braid, the only point is, of course, not to overdo it, since a strongly deformed contact pad in the connector is also not good.

Next, using a wide screwdriver, press firmly on the transverse plastic (the hole across the contacts on the connector) so that it bends transversely to the wires to the bottom and strongly pinches them. If the wire is temporary or does not move often, then this plastic does not need to be pressed. It simply additionally secures the wiring in the connector. Next, we will test if possible..

Of course, crimping with a screwdriver is not good in every sense, both in terms of efficiency and time, and even more so in terms of the quality of the result. Although in general this is a completely workable option (tested personally more than once) and a fairly simple option to implement. But it’s even easier to just ask a friend who works in the computer industry to crimp 4-6 short ends of a twisted pair and then simply bring them home and solder them according to the colors - extend the twisted pair.

Of course, not every twisted pair is soldered more or less normally. But acetylene acid and/or normal soldering acid and/or normal rosin make the impossible possible. Solder accordingly has virtually no effect on speed and stability under normal standard operating conditions.

Standard for connecting conductors of a twisted pair cable:

Modern crimpers are a fairly universal device, in particular, the instructions for the crimping tool shown in the photo above say: For cuts, strips and crimps 8P8C/RJ-45, 6P6C/RJ-12, 6P4C/RJ-11 in one tool. In general, 3 in 1 - trimming, unlacing and pressing - crimping.

TIA/EIA-568-B (AT&T 258A) is a set of three telecommunications standards released by the Telecommunications Industry Association in 2001, which replaced the outdated TIA/EIA-568-A standard. These standards describe the construction of telecommunications structured cabling systems in buildings.

These standards are best known by the two tables T568A and T568B (most commonly used in Russia -B), which describe the connection of twisted pair cable conductors to the pins of 8P8C connectors (often erroneously called RJ-45) when organizing an Ethernet network.

Pin / Ethernet / TIA/EIA-568-B (AT&T 258A)
1) / Transmit + / White with Orange stripe
2) / Transmit + / Orange
3) / Receive + / White with Green stripe
4)
5)
6) / Receive - / Green
7)
8)

8P8C (8 Position 8 Contact), often due to the prevalence of the above wiring, called RJ45 or RJ-45 - a unified connector used in telecommunications, has 8 contacts and a latch.

RJ - registered jack- any connector used for connections, RJ is slang for a modular socket. The abbreviation RJ is used to identify cabling. Each connector type can be used for different wiring configurations. For example, 6-pin connectors are configured, as necessary, for both single-pair RJ11C and double-pair RJ14C wiring.

Used to create a LAN using 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T and 1000BASE-TX technologies using 4-pair twisted pair cables. It is used in many other areas and to build other networks.

The telephone unified RJ-11 connector is smaller in size and can be inserted into 8P8C jacks (for backward compatibility).

Cable types:

Depending on the presence of protection - an electrically grounded copper braid or aluminum foil around the twisted pairs, the types of this technology are determined:
* Unprotected twisted pair ( UTP- Unshielded twisted pair) - there is no protective shield around an individual pair, most often this is UTP category 5 and higher;
* Foil twisted pair ( FTP- Foiled twisted pair) - also known as F/UTP (see: en:Screened fully-shielded twisted pair#Screened Shielded Twisted Pair (S/STP)), there is one common external screen in the form of foil;
* Protected twisted pair ( STP- Shielded twisted pair) - there is protection in the form of a screen for each pair and a common external screen in the form of a mesh;
* Foilshielded twisted pair ( S/FTP- Screened Foiled twisted pair) - an external screen made of copper braid and each pair in a foil braid;
* Unprotected shielded twisted pair ( SF/UTP- Screened Foiled Unshielded twisted pair) - a double external screen made of copper braid and foil, each twisted pair without protection.

Shielding provides better protection from electromagnetic interference, both external and internal, etc. The entire length of the screen is connected to a non-insulated drain wire, which unites the screen in case of division into sections due to excessive bending or stretching of the cable.

Depending on the structure of the conductors, the cable is used single-core or multi-core. In the first case, each wire consists of one copper core, and in the second - of several.

A single-core cable does not require direct contact with connected peripherals. That is, as a rule, it is used for installation in boxes, walls, etc., followed by termination with sockets. This is due to the fact that copper strands are quite thick and with frequent bending they quickly break. However, for “cutting into” the connectors of socket panels, such conductors are ideally suited.

In turn, a multi-core cable does not tolerate “cutting” into the connectors of socket panels (thin wires are cut), but behaves well when bent and twisted. In addition, stranded wire has high signal attenuation. Therefore, multi-core cable is used mainly for the manufacture of patchcords connecting peripherals to sockets.

Using http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twisted_pair

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RJ 45 or “Twisted Pair” is a type of wire consisting of four or eight thin wires, in pairs twisted between themselves. This type of cable is used for associations computers to a local network or connection to Internet. In some cases, twisted pair cable can be used for connections any peripheral devices (such as printers) to the computer.

Despite the presence of more advanced and high-quality technologies ( optical fiber, wireless communication channels), twisted pair is still used due to the low price of cable and related equipment (network cards, routers), as well as the high you just deployment of a local network and protection from external interference.

How to crimp a cable with an RJ 45 connector

Before starting crimping, you must prepare all the necessary tools. In addition to the cable you will need : crimping pliers and special connectorsR.J. 45 .

From the wire is necessary take off external insulation (there is no need to touch the internal one), then in the correct order (depending on the crimping pattern) arrange wires in the connector. Having located all the wires inside the connector, you need to check their correct placement and squeeze cable using pre-prepared pliers.

Crimping schemes

Direct scheme used to connect network devices of different types (for example, a computer and a router), as well as for associations two hubs or routers into one local network. This crimping scheme is the most frequently used on local networks.

The procedure for crimping an eight-core cable used in gigabit local networks, the following:

In twisted pair cables used in local networks operating at speeds of 100 Mbit/s, the following direct crimping order is used:

Cross(reverse) circuit is needed to connect two computers directly, without the use of hubs or switches. Gigabit A twisted pair crossover type is crimped as follows:

Reverse wire diagram for local network operating at speed 100 Mbit/s.

To connect other devices, such as network printers, IP cameras and other similar devices, the crimping diagram is usually written in the instructions for the connected equipment.

Crimping a two-pair cable

To connect via one cable two devices use two-pair cable. Those. one cable branches at both ends and is crimped with two connectors.

The diagram below shows the principle of crimping in this way. Two pairs are inserted into one connector (use 1, 2, 3, 6), remaining pairs are inserted into the second connector (use 4, 5, 7, 8 respectively)

A two-pair RJ 45 cannot be used in gigabit networks or for cross crimp (they will require all eight cores). In the direct scheme, everything is quite standard.

How to extend the cable

Not in all cases, the available twisted pair is enough to connect the necessary devices. In this case it may be necessary build-up wire in any way in order to lengthen it.

The easiest way to extend a cable is to use a special joyner RJ 45. This device is a regular adapter from one RJ-45 connector to another. To connect, you will need two pre-crimped wires and the joyner itself.

Advantages this method of wire extension: simplicity connections of all elements, low price, quite high reliability(there is simply nothing to break).

Flaws: slight losses in connection stability and speed are possible; not all the necessary tools may be at hand.

For the best quality wire extension, it is better to use router. This will allow you to get the highest quality and stable connection without any signal loss and reduction in network speed. Using this cable extension method in reverse increases signal stability and reduces packet loss.

TO shortcomings this method of connection can be attributed sufficiently high price(you will need to purchase a router). Also, do not forget that to connect you will need an outlet or the use of POE (power supply via twisted pair), in addition, the router may break down at the most inopportune moment.

Categorically not recommended for use twist. Even if you twist the wires perfectly, you will not be able to avoid signal loss and many other problems with this cable extension method.

The only one advantage twist is its price - it’s practically for free, otherwise this method of extending the wire is no good.

Twisting can only be used as a temporary option when the necessary tools or equipment for something better are not at hand. In this case, you should adhere to the following recommendations:

It is advisable not to use twisting with wires made from different metals(for example, connecting aluminum and copper wires in this way). This will lead to strong heating and oxidation of the metal, as well as other undesirable problems;
Places of twisting should be carefully isolate, this will at least slightly protect the connections from external interference and other difficulties.

Twisted pair crimp circuit. What is it and what is it eaten with?

Twisted pair is a special cable consisting of four pairs of copper wires twisted together.

Thanks to this design, it is possible to significantly reduce the impact of all kinds of interference.

Cables are widely used in - this method of transmitting and receiving information deservedly remains the most reliable, fast and convenient.

Crimping twisted pair

By crimping a twisted pair cable we mean the procedure of securing special connectors located at the end of the cord.

The connectors are usually 8-pin 8P8C connectors, known to most of us as RJ-45. Connectors can be of two types:

unshielded – designed for UTP wire;
shielded – for cables or STP.

You need to be very careful when choosing a connector; some of them are used only by professionals, because their installation requires knowledge, experience and dexterity.

Note! It is better not to buy connectors together with an insert - their purpose is designed specifically for soft and, in particular, multi-core wires, and using them to secure a solid copper cable is very inconvenient.

It is not difficult to figure out the connector yourself; its design is quite simple and understandable - inside the device there are 8 grooves (for each copper core of the cord), at the top of which there are metal contacts.

To correctly determine the numbering of the contacts, you need to rotate the connector so that the contacts are located at the top, with the latch facing you.

In this case, the input connector will be located opposite. In this position, contact No. 1 will be on the right, and No. 8, respectively, on the left.

Numbering is important information when performing the crimping procedure.

Therefore, be sure to remember how to correctly determine, this will help to properly secure the wire and establish the connection.

There are a couple of distribution schemes: EIA/TIA-568A and EIA/TIA-568B. The difference between the circuits lies in the location of the cores.

Since all four pairs of cores twisted inside the cord have insulation of different colors, everyone can repeat the connection diagram on their own.

Important! We always start laying from the first contact to the eighth.

Color arrangement of cores in circuit 568A:

white-green;
green;
white-orange;
blue;
white-blue;
orange;
white-brown;
brown.

Twisted pair crimp circuit 568A is used to connect computers to each other when creating a local network.

Color arrangement of cores in the 568V circuit:

white-orange;
orange;
white-green;
blue;
white-blue;
green;
white-brown;
brown.

This table is useful if you need to establish a connection between the router and the computer.

Crimping methods

Network cables designed to connect computers and different types of network equipment to each other use two cable crimping options - crossover and straight.

Straight cord crimping is used in the manufacture of a cable that will serve to connect different types of network equipment and client devices to a computer, as well as to connect network equipment with each other.

This crimping method is the most common and frequently used.

The cross crimping method is used in the manufacture of wires intended for interconnection.

In this case, no additional equipment is involved in the switching.

Less commonly, a crossover cord is used to connect old ones into a network through up-link ports.

To make a straight type, you can use any crimping scheme, the main condition is that both ends of the cable are crimped identically.

Most often, when creating a direct power cord, the 568V circuit is used.

Sometimes, to make a straight type, you can use not four twisted pairs, but only two.

Using such a cable, you can connect two pieces of computer equipment to the network.

This method of crimping a twisted pair into RJ-45 is used if there is no high local traffic in the plans; the data exchange rate will be equal to 100 Mbit/s.

For example, the rj45 pinout diagram is shown, in which green and orange are involved. For a different type of crimp, brown replaces orange, and blue replaces green.

But the instructions for connecting contacts remain unchanged.

If you need to make a crossover cable, one end is 568A, and the other is 568B.

In the manufacture of such a cable, all eight copper cores are certainly involved.

If you need to make a crossover that will provide data exchange speeds between computers up to 1000 Mbit/s, use a special crimping method.

One end will be crimped according to the example of the 568V circuit, and the other end has an rj45 pinout by color:

white-green;
green;
white-orange;
white-brown;
brown;
orange;
blue;
white and blue.

This crimping scheme differs from the 568A we have already considered - brown and blue pairs mutually replaced each other, maintaining the general sequence.

If both ends of the cable are clamped according to the 568V circuit, we get a straight network cable that is suitable for connecting a PC to a switch.

If one end of the cable is crimped according to the 568B circuit, and the other - according to the 568A circuit, we have a crossover cable suitable for connecting computers.

If you need to make a gigabit crossover cable, you should use a special crimping scheme.

Crimping twisted pair cable to RJ-45

To crimp twisted pair cables into RJ-45, you need a special tool - a crimper, a special type of pliers with several working zones.

Twisted pair crimping. Lesson: how to crimp an Internet cable

Video about how to properly crimp twisted pair cables at home.

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