GCD “Journey into the history of postal services. Ready-made quest with riddles for finding a gift - cofe-i-chokolat Children's riddle about mail parcels

Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution kindergarten

combined type “Smile”.

Pedagogical project

"Profession postman"

(middle group)

Educators:

Sokolova L.A.

Tselikova N.Yu.

G. p. Malinovsky

2012

One day, a postman came to our group and brought a letter that needed to be delivered. The children had many questions, one of which was: “What does the postman do?” That's why this project came about.

Problem: What does the postman do?

Objective of the project: Formation of ideas about necessity and benefit

The work of a postman.

Tasks:

1. Form ideas about the work of a postman.
2. Develop interest in the profession.
3. Foster independence, responsibility, desire

Benefit others.

Integration of areas:communication, socialization, artistic creativity, cognition, safety, music.

Project participants:children, teachers, parents.

Project type : information - practice - oriented

Implementation period: 1 Week.

Work plan for project implementation.

Cognitive and speech development:

1. Direct educational activities:

1. Familiarization with the surrounding world “Professions. Postman"

1. Reading fiction:

1. Poem by S.Ya. Marshak "Mail"
2. Yu. Kushan's story "Postal History"
3. Guessing riddles.
4. Memorizing the poem "Postman"

1. Didactic games:

1. s/i “Send a letter”
2. s/i “To whom is the letter”
3. s/i "Telegraph"
4. d/i “Collect an envelope”

artistic and aesthetic development:

1. direct educational activities:

1. Application "Envelope"
2. Modeling “Gift in the package”

1. Listening to “The Postman's Song” by B. Savelyev.

Social and personal development:

1. p/i "Train",
2. p/i "Airplanes"
3. p/g “What the postman brought us”
4. S/r game “Mail” (final event)
5. Conversation about the importance of work.
6. Excursion to the post office.
7. Observing the work of the postman

application

Postman's song.

Verse

Mail walks, drives and flies,

The mail path is open everywhere,

And when there’s not enough sushi,

Ready to swim on the water.

Chorus

It won’t rush into the house on its own,

And at any time

Everyone needs mail.

Verse

The postman is the happiest of all, believe me,

The postman is always on the move

News in a sealed envelope

It must be delivered on time.

Chorus

No wonder everyone knows that a letter

It won’t rush into the house on its own,

And at any time

Everyone needs mail.

Verse

Mail walks, drives and flies,

The mail path is open everywhere,

And when there’s not enough sushi,

Ready to swim on the water.

Chorus

No wonder everyone knows that a letter

It won’t rush into the house on its own,

And at any time

Everyone needs mail.

Puzzles.

He brought us a telegram:

“I’m coming. Wait. Mother".

I brought my grandfather a pension,

At least not Santa Claus.

He's been on his feet since dawn.

Who is this?

(postman)

Blue house at the gate.

Guess who lives in it?

The door is narrow on the roof -

Not for a squirrel, not for a mouse,

Not even for a starling -

For newspapers and letters.

News is flying through this door,

They spend half an hour together.

News does not stay for a long time,

They fly in all directions.

(Mailbox)

A piece of paper in the morning

They bring it to our apartment.

On one such sheet

Lots of different news.

(newspaper)

Sealed with glue firmly

And they sent it to me urgently

I won't regret it

I’ll receive it and post it up in no time.

(envelope)

Poems.

My elder brother is waiting for a letter.

I'll be glad to see the magazine.

Dad is waiting for the newspaper.

Where can I get all this?

He will bring it to us -

Our friend the postman.

(V. Nishchev)

Letter

Self

Won't go anywhere

But put it in the box -

It will run

It will fly by

Will float by

Thousands of miles of travel...

(S. Marshak)

Magazines, letters, telegrams, newspapers -

Guys, they bring us all this from the post office.

We will receive the parcel by mail ourselves,

Yesterday the translation suddenly arrived to our mother,

And my brother received a parcel from Samara

From Uncle Volodya and Aunt Tamara.

(N. Nishcheva)

Postman.

Who brings us newspapers

And greetings from grandma?

The postman brings them.

He walks around with a thick bag.

(V. Stepanov)

Role-playing game "Mail".

Target: Teaching children to implement and develop the plot of the game. Developing interest in the game. Raising children's respect for the work of a postman.

Game material: Postman Poster, mailbox, postcards, newspapers, children's magazines, white and colored paper, pencils, money, parcels.

Playing roles: postman, sorter, parcel operator, driver, visitors.

Progress of the game: The teacher can offer children various plots for the game: congratulate each other on the holiday, buy a magazine at the post office; take the letters taken out of the mailbox by car to the post office, sort them there and give them to the postman for delivery to the addressee; when the postman brings the letter, answer it with a letter. It is also necessary to remind children that when playing, they need to be polite to each other (say hello to the postman, thank you for delivering letters, newspapers, magazines).

After the game has been mastered, the teacher can combine it with other games, for example, in “family” (the content of the game is preparation for the holiday: first they clean the apartment, then everyone writes congratulatory letters and cards to their friends. Whoever finishes early goes to mail, buys envelopes, signs them and puts them in the mailbox.

From the history of the holiday

Mail has existed almost as long as humanity has existed.

In prehistoric times, people used voice, the sound of blows on hollow tree trunks, and later drums, smoke from a fire, and simply fire, clearly visible in the night, to deliver information.

With the advent of writing, the method of transmitting information changed: foot and horse messengers appeared, and institutions dealing with the delivery of urgent messages arose.
The first letters were addressed to the rulers of the ancient world and contained reports: “everything is calm, sir” or “a neighboring power is gathering an army.”

Regular mail appeared approximately 5 thousand years ago. The exact date of the introduction of mail is unknown, but it is believed that it happened in Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt almost simultaneously.
Postal services were well established in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Horsemen were used to transmit messages, and one of Alexander the Great’s military leaders organized a detachment of special postmen riding camels.

The Romans created an extensive communication system operating according to clear regulations.
Under Gaius Julius Caesar, the first attempts were made to create a state post office in Ancient Rome.

Gaius Julius Caesar (100-44 BC)

The state post office of Ancient Rome began to function under the emperor Octavian Augustus and was subordinate to the emperor.

Octavian Augustus (63 -14 BC)

Special stations were set up on Roman roads for receiving and sending state messages.

The ancient peoples of America - the Incas and Aztecs - had a well-established postal system.

IN XIII-XV centuries in the Inca state, mail was delivered by special messengers, who blew horns when approaching their destination, and special couriers took urgent messages from the messengers.
The number of “postal workers” in the state of the ancient Incas was close to 12-14 thousand people, approximately one “postman” for every kilometer of roads.
The Incas had a secret of correspondence and the messenger treasured entrusted messages as a state secret.
The Aztecs had “open” mail: the messenger wove red ribbons into his hair and waved a dagger while running when he carried good news, and conveyed bad news while kneeling.

In Ancient Rus', messages were transmitted with a merchant caravan or a random traveler.

In Kievan Rus, foot mail appeared in 9th century under Prince Oleg, and 100 years later the entire population of Kievan Rus was obliged to supply the princely messengers-postmen with horses.

Approximately at XIII century horse-drawn mail appeared - postmen-coaches. And in XVI century The Yamsk order was created in the Grand Duchy of Moscow.

State regular postal service in Russia appeared in the 18th century during the reforms of Peter the Great.

Peter I (1672-1725)

IN 1693 In order to organize regular postal service between Moscow and Arkhangelsk, Peter I issued a Decree on the organization of an internal postal line along the route Moscow - Pereslavl Zalessky - Rostov the Great - Yaroslavl - Vologda - Arkhangelsk.
The Decree regulated the conditions for the transportation of mail, the equipment of inns (pits), responsibility for the safety of mail, the uniform of coachmen, the conditions for selecting personnel, and the responsibilities for the construction and maintenance of roads.
By the end of the reign of Peter I, the length of postal routes reached approximately 11,379 kilometers, and the number of postal institutions - 458.
Under Peter I, mail was transported on coachmen's horses along rivers, and at the same time a special post office appeared to serve the army (military post).

Word "postman" began to be used in postal business with 1716 years, previously employees who delivered mail were called postmen.

The reign of Empress Catherine II was significant for the Russian postal service.

Catherine II (1729-1796)

IN 1770s years, the “Project on the establishment of postal camps and the positions of keeper” was drawn up.
It was then that the position of stationmaster arose and the postal troika with a bell came into use.

Postmaster in the 19th century, he was in charge of forwarded correspondence and supplied travelers with post horses, on which they moved from city to city.

Postal service in XIX century was very honorable and prestigious in Russia.
For persons applying for the position of a simple postman, there was a special competition and a rather long probationary period.
The post office worked clearly and efficiently.

IN 1848 The first mailbox appeared in Russia. The box was made of boards and lined with sheet iron on the outside.
A few years later, the wooden box gave way to a cast iron box that weighed almost 40 kilograms.

At first XX century, a city post office appeared in Russia.

Uniformity of postal operations was introduced, and the first highways were built to combine postal and passenger transportation.

As a result of the revolution of 1917 and the Civil War, postal communications in Russia were destroyed, but even in the most severe years, postmen continued to deliver letters, but these letters sometimes reached their addressees after several months.
After the end of the Civil War, postal routes were gradually restored and international postal exchange resumed.

IN 1922 air mail began operating in Russia for the first time.

Letters and parcels began to be delivered from city to city on rare airplanes.
The figure of a postman with a “thick shoulder bag” has again become familiar on the streets of cities and villages.

IN 1920 - 1930s years, people of this profession were also called letter carriers.
Moreover, depending on the type of mail being distributed, such workers could be called differently: mail from other cities was delivered by postmen, and city letters were delivered by letter carriers.

At that time, mostly men worked as postmen, and only with the beginning of the Great Patriotic War did women begin to deliver mail, since men fought at the front.

IN 1950s years, the number of communication enterprises increased, mailboxes appeared in every remote village.

Today, along with the traditional services of the federal postal service, new services have been widely developed: electronic, hybrid and express mail, retail sale of printing and other goods, acceptance of utility and other payments, parcel trade, distribution of advertising materials, cargo transportation, photocopying and lamination documents, photo services and many others.
Modern postal services are managed by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Russian Post.

In honor of recognition of the merits of the postal service and the work of postmen May 16, 1994 year, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 944 established a holiday - Russian Post Day, celebrated annually on the second Sunday of July.

Postman. Professionogram.

General characteristics of the profession

A postman is a post office employee who delivers letters, newspapers and other correspondence to recipients.

Features of the profession.

This is an ancient profession that has essentially changed little over the several centuries of its existence.

The postman collects correspondence received at the post office and delivers it to recipients.

The working day of a modern postman begins early in the morning with the placement of correspondence along the route.
The postman groups newspapers and magazines by street and house, signing the addresses. Sorts letters and notices.
The postman also delivers valuable letters and parcels, pensions, money transfers, etc. - he receives them against receipt and is responsible for their integrity.

The postman’s salary consists of a salary and “piecework payment”, so in addition to correspondence, he delivers some goods (on order), advertising and takes out subscriptions.

Despite the fact that people write paper letters to each other less and less often, they subscribe to paper newspapers and magazines less and less, the package of correspondence weighs impressively.

Sorted and grouped mail must be distributed to strongholds, which are located in different blocks of the postman’s assigned area.
The driver does the delivery.

Then the postman goes along the route (if in the city, then usually on foot), picks up a portion of correspondence at the strong point and delivers it to the addresses. Then - the next strong point. And so on until all the mail is delivered.

With this kind of work, you need to spend a lot of time on your feet, keep in mind a lot of addresses, faces, names...
But, as knowledgeable people say, it’s only difficult when you’re not used to it.

The downside of the profession is the low salary with significant physical activity.

The advantages include constant communication with people.

To master this profession, no special education is required.
At the same time, it can be a start for those who want to get an education in the field of postal communication.

Workplace

A postman works in a post office. He is assigned his own area, where he delivers correspondence.

Important qualities

The profession of a postman requires good memory, including visual memory, the ability to navigate the area, attentiveness, the ability to concentrate and distribute attention, politeness, and a neat appearance.

Medical contraindications

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, cardiovascular and nervous systems, hearing loss and vision loss, which cannot be compensated for by special means, are contraindications.

Knowledge and skills

The postman must know the procedure for working with various postal items, the rules for processing correspondence and delivery to addressees; know the location of houses on your site.

Pre-vocational education

You can become a postman by getting a job at a post office.
To do this, it is enough to have knowledge within the framework of school education.

The college was founded in 1920.

The college is a structural subdivision of the Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics and implements educational programs in the following specialties:
Full-time department:
Multichannel telecommunication systems 02/11/09 (210709)
Communication networks and switching systems 02/11/11 (210723)

Extramural:
Multichannel telecommunication systems
Communication networks and switching systems
Postal service 02/11/12 (210801)

Geographically, the college is divided into Resource Centers, each of which has its own specialization.

The Resource Center “Multidisciplinary Training and Postal Communications” provides training in all disciplines in the “Postal Communications” area, as well as many others.

The center is equipped with modern equipment that allows you to automate the work of operators and postal specialists. All laboratories of the center are computerized, and postal workplaces are equipped in accordance with modern requirements.
Specialty "Postal Communications"

Higher education institutions

The department was created in June 2012 by merging the department of “Information Security and Postal Communications Technology” with the department of “Automation, Information Technologies and Certification in Communications.”

Industry books

Everything about everything: popul. encycl. for children. T. 6 / [scient. ed. V. V. Slavkin; comp. G. P. Shalaeva]. - M.: Klyuch-S: Slovo: AST, 1995. - 478 p.

P. 215-216 describes the path of a letter from the sender to the addressee, and P. 256-258 contains information about where and how the first postal service appeared, what methods people used to forward letters, and about pigeon and “bottle mail.”

Everything about everything: popul. encycl. for children. T. 10 / [scient. ed. V.V. Slavkin; comp. G.P. Shalaeva]. - M.: Slovo: AST, 1998. - 445 p.

What is “Yamskaya chasing”? What did a special institution in the Moscow state, which was called the “Yamskaya hut”, do? You will find the answers to these questions on pp. 121-122. And pp. 445-447 contains information about how the ancient Egyptians and ancient Romans sent letters, how letters were packaged in Europe and what messages were delivered by special messengers or couriers.

Everything about everything: popul. encycl. for children. T. 11 / [scient. ed. V.V. Slavkin; comp. G.P. Shalaeva]. - M.: Slovo: AST, 1998. - 445 p.

Pages 371-372 contain information about when the post office appeared in Moscow, where it was located, what services the Moscow Post Office provided in 1781, and in what year the Main Post Office acquired its final form.

Where did the Pony Express postal service operate? // Encyclopedia of questions and answers. Where? : [for medium school age] / trans. from English U. V. Saptsina. - M.: ROSMEN, 2008. – P. 99.

The Pony Express mail service connected St. Joseph, Missouri, and Sacramento, California. Letters arrived across America in three weeks. Who worked at the Pony Express? How many kilometers a day did employees travel to deliver mail on time? Have there been any mail losses? You will find the answers to these questions in this book!

Ivanov, S. A. 1000 years of insights. History of things / S. A. Ivanov. - M.: Slovo/Slovo, 2002. - 220 p.

A brief history of the emergence of mail is described on pp. 82-83. You will also learn about the work of the royal and private mail of France, about the appearance of the mailbox, postmark, envelope and stamp.

Claiborne, A. Inventions that changed the world / A. Claiborne / trans. from English I. V. Kudishina. - M.: ROSMEN, 2008. - 95, p.

P. 52-53 contains a brief history of the development of communications and methods of transmitting information from ancient times to the present day. For example, when the first postal service appeared or when people began to use pigeon mail.

Kublitsky, G. I. Where the homing pigeon flies, or Postal history: encyclopedia / G. I. Kublitsky. - M.: Malysh, 2000. - 64 p. : color ill. - (Encyclopedia for children and parents).

Since the appearance of man on Earth, he has had a need to transmit information. You will learn about what types of information transfer people have used at all times, what types of mail exist, what postal routes worked in Russia, when the first mailboxes appeared, where the carrier pigeon flies and much more by reading this encyclopedia.

Likum, A. Everything about everything: popul. encycl. for children. T. 3 / A. Likum / [scientific. ed. G. P. Shalaeva]. - M.: Klyuch-S, 1995. - 541 p.

P. 530-531 describes the Pony Express postal system, which began operating in 1860 in the United States of America, and P. 534-535 contains information about how the rulers of Persia and Ancient Rome transmitted messages, as well as when it arose postal service in England.

Orlova, N. Technology. Discoveries. Inventions: children. encyclopedia / N. Orlova. - M.: ROSMEN, 2000. - 400 p. - (What-How-Why).

P. 46-55 describes the history of the appearance of writing, and also contains information about methods of transmitting letters in ancient times, the appearance of mail and bottle mail.

Postman and mail // Children's encyclopedia. – 2014. - No. 4. – 55, p.

The issue explores the history of mail, which dates back thousands of years, and how mail has changed along with people's lifestyles. You will learn about what types of mail exist, how the profession of “postman” has changed at different times, and much more.

So that everyone can be reassured... The postman knows how to keep secrets // Secrets of professions: [for Wednesdays. school age] / O. V. Kolpakova; [comp. N. Astakhova]. - M.: White City, . – pp. 36-37. - (Encyclopedia of secrets and riddles).

About the profession of a postman, about what postmen wore in ancient America, how postmen-swimmers in Peru carried mail, what they supplied the ancient French postmen with so that they could walk along rural roads, what requirements for the profession of a postman have remained unchanged since ancient times, you will learn about all this and much more from this book.

Shelikhov, V.V. Organization of postal communication: textbook. for educational institutions environments. prof. education / V.V. Shelikhov, N.N. Shnyreva, G.P. Gaverdovskaya. - M.: Academy, 2010. - 183, p. - (Secondary vocational education. Service).

The textbook presents definitions of types of postal services, characteristics of production processes and postal services. The structure of postal services management on the territory of the Russian Federation and quality indicators are given, postal facilities are described, issues of organizing postal networks, transportation and exchange of mail, and distribution of periodicals are considered.
The textbook is intended for students of secondary vocational education institutions; it can also be useful to postal employees and entrepreneurs setting up their own business in the field of postal services.

Ask for these books in city libraries!

Monuments to the postman

In 2013, a monument to the postman was unveiled in Tyumen.

The female postman reminds townspeople of a profession that remains indispensable to this day. The statue holds a letter in its hands, and next to it is a working mailbox. The letters dropped there, according to the organizers, will become real letters of happiness.

In 2012, in Kurgan, on the zero kilometer of roads near the main post office, a bronze sculpture of a postman was installed.
Now all roads are measured from here.

Monument to the girl postman in the village of Khomutovo, Irkutsk region

In front of the Khomutov post office there is a full-length plaster monument to a girl postman. The monument was made in the late 1940s and initially the sculpture stood near the Irkutsk post office.
In the 1970s, it was donated to the post office in Khomutovo.

Now this is the only monument to the postman beyond the Urals.

Today, almost everyone who is lucky enough to visit this unusual town comes to see this bronze work of art, authored by the sculptor Demchenko.

September 10, 2006 In Nizhniy Novgorod A monument to the Postman was erected next to the main post office, where the predecessor of the state post office, the Yamsk yard, was once located.

The monument represents the figure of a postman with a bicycle and a bag over his shoulder.

“It just so happens that at all times all people need the postal service...” - these lines from the anthem of postal workers.

In 2008 in the city of Lukhovitsy, Moscow region The opening of the monument to postman Pechkin took place.

Bronze Pechkin (almost two meters high), surrounded by other cartoon characters, as befits a postman, is immortalized in front of the post office building.
The author of the monument is Polina Gorbunova.

Monument to the postman in Jakarta (Indonesia)

Monument to the postman in Flensburg (Germany)

Monument to postman Fedor Feketa from the village of Turyi-Remety in Perechyn (Transcarpathia, Ukraine)

Monument to the Pony Express Postal Service (Salt Lake City, USA)

One of the oldest scientific and technical museums in the world was founded in 1872.

The museum's collection, dedicated to the history of the development of communications, includes exhibits on the history of postal, telegraph and telephone communications, radio communications and broadcasting, television, mobile, space and satellite communications.

The museum collections include the priceless State Collection of postal payment marks of the Russian Federation, as well as a collection of art innovations by contemporary artists and mail artists.

Among the exhibits on display you can see, for example, ancient travel documents, royal decrees, and the first radio receiver by A.S. Popov, and the first civilian communications satellite “Luch-15”.
During the museum's opening hours, a public scientific and technical library is open, a post office and an Internet center are operational.

Since July 5, 2000, on the territory of the Moscow branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Russian Post" there has been a permanent exhibition on the history of the Russian Post and the Moscow Post Office.

The museum at the Moscow Post Office was created back in 1912, immediately after the completion of its own building.
As the first exhibit, Prince Kurakin donated a portrait of Peter the Great to the new museum, whose fate is unknown.

The museum has preserved the plans of the old post office building, and on them are the premises that the museum occupied until 1917, as well as albums released for the opening of the new post office building. The photographs include images of all post office workers in 1910.

The museum has the personal archive of postmaster Rubanovsky, which presents rare documents relating not only to the work activity of the postmaster, but also family documents and things - the form list of Kobrin postmaster Rubanovsky (the prototype of our work book), the high school graduation certificate of his daughter, an antique camera, many family photos and postcards.

The museum also contains unique archival inventories of Russian mail of the 18th-19th centuries, chests and trunks for transporting mail, elements of the coachman's harness, antique furniture installed in the post office building in 1912, engravings depicting postal uniforms, vehicles, mailboxes and much more. other.

The literary and memorial museum "House of the Station Master" is located in the village of Vyra, Gatchina district, Leningrad region, a branch of the Leningrad regional state cultural institution "Museum Agency".

The museum was created based on the story by A.S. Pushkin’s “Station Warden” and archival documents on October 15, 1972 in the preserved building of the Vyr postal station, where the great poet stayed.
This is the first museum of a literary hero in Russia, which is classified as a cultural heritage site of Russia.

The museum recreates the atmosphere typical of postal stations of Pushkin's time.
The museum consists of two stone buildings, a stable, a barn with a tower, a well, a saddlery and a forge. There are three rooms in the main building of the museum: the caretaker's room, the daughter's room and the coachman's room.
Visitors can also send postal correspondence here, which can be marked with special museum stamps.

The Regional Museum of Postal Communications of the Federal Postal Service of the Pskov Region - a branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Russian Post" was opened on June 24, 1997 in Velikiye Luki and is located on the second floor of the post office building in Velikiye Luki, Nekrasova St., 1.
The reason for the opening of the museum was the Decree on the establishment of a postal service from Luki Velikikh to Pskov, found in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts.
The text of the decree in Old Russian and modern Russian, copied by hand, is kept in the museum’s collection.

The first hall of the museum is a stylized log Yamsk hut from the 19th century. The log yamskaya hut contains various household utensils: pots, samovars, spinning wheels, spindles, irons.
Valdai postal bells are also kept here, each of which has its own unique voice, as well as the collar and arches used to harness the horses.

The second hall of the museum displays a collection of stamps, postcards and postcards. The museum's exhibition includes the first stamps of Russia with the image of victorious soldiers, issued for charitable purposes, zemstvo stamps, the first three stamps of the Soviet Union, stamps from 108 countries of the world, rare ones, of different denominations.

The third hall of the museum displays paraphernalia related to postal services - these are banknotes from different times, a steelyard, postal scales from 1913, a postal lamp, a gramophone, cash registers, simple and electric adding machines, typewriters, abacus, scales, as well as mailboxes and signs .

The Postal Museum was opened in Paris in 1946 and is dedicated to the history of postal services, the development of French mail and philately.

The permanent exhibition of the museum is presented in fifteen halls, which are rationally arranged in a spiral around a vertical axis. To begin viewing the exhibition, visitors take the elevator to the fifth floor, and at the end of the tour they return to the ground floor.

The modern design of the stands and good lighting facilitate the inspection of postal equipment, postmen's clothing, models and mannequins, engravings, drawings, numerous philatelic materials of the pre-stamp period and exhibits telling about the history of French postage stamps.

The museum's exhibition allows you to get a complete picture of the development of postal services in France since the 15th century, when the first post office appeared in Paris under Louis XI.
Museum website

The main purpose of its foundation was to store exhibits of the Czechoslovak postal service.

The museum's collection includes more than two hundred thousand exhibits, most of which are in storage and are not presented to a wide range of viewers.

The main place in the museum's collection is occupied by various items telling about the centuries-old history of postal services in the Czech Republic.
Among the exhibits you can see old seals, stamps, mailboxes, collections of ancient stamps from many countries of the world, hand stamps, with the help of which postage stamps were canceled at that time.

The museum houses many old stamps of that time, many of which were created by famous Czech artists Max Švabinsky and Alphonse Mucha.
Museum website

Literary heroes - postmen

This is the famous postman Pechkin from the village of Prostokvashino.

Everyone knows and remembers the postman’s last name, but does anyone remember his first and patronymic?

Igor Ivanovich Pechkin is a character in the books by children's writer Eduard Uspensky and the cartoons “Three from Prostokvashino”, “Vacations in Prostokvashino” and “Winter in Prostokvashino”.

Igor Ivanovich is a man “about fifty years old” with a rather harmful and boring character. He is curious and does not approve of the initiatives of Uncle Fyodor and his friends, but at the same time he is quite kind and naive in a rustic way. Many of his statements have long become “winged” and have been quoted for decades. For example:
It's me, postman Pechkin. I brought a note about your boy.
Why was I angry before? Because I didn't have a bike.
Maybe I’m just starting to live - I’m moving on to retirement...
Wait, citizen, kiss.
Look what they brought your child to. They need to be taken to the clinic. For experiments.
Nowadays, what is the main decoration of the table? ... - TV! And he shows you a web.”

A very strange postman:
He's not a Muggle, he's not a wizard.
Deliver letters and newspapers,
Carries a parcel to the ends of the world,
He knows how to keep all secrets.
Winged and brave and vigilant he is.
Who is this postman?

Yes, this is Harry Potter's polar owl - Hedwig.

Hedwig belongs to a special type of owl - postal owls.

Every little wizard or witch wants such a pet, and even some adult wizards dream of an owl.

Postal owls have been trained to carry letters since childhood.

Owls live all over the world.
They come in different breeds and sizes: from majestic ones, such as Hedwig, to tiny owls, such as Sychik.
In total, there are about four hundred species of these birds.

Owls usually do not gather in flocks and do not build nests, but find a home in hollows, cracks in rocks, burrows, or even in other people's nests.
They are nocturnal birds of prey and feed mainly on rodents and small birds; small species of owls hunt large insects.

In the magical world, they are mainly engaged in the delivery of letters and correspondence.

Poems about the postman and mail

We meet him
As a welcome guest,
The most important
And the long-awaited one.

For dad and mom
According to the latest newspaper...
Brought us mail
Postman at dawn.

Postcard for Pasha,
Letter for Natasha,
Magazine about knitting
For our grandmother.

And we took it apart
What to whom,
And unanimously “Thank you!”
They told him.

Galina Dyadina “Forest Post”

On an old aspen tree in the forest on Sunday
A post office has opened.
Uncle Woodpecker works at the post office,
Writes telegrams and puts stamps.
"The Fox Calls the Badger for Dinner"
“Techek’s greetings to the Bear from the Hare,”
“Happy hundred year anniversary to the owl...” - knock-knock.
“Meet me. I'll come one of these days. Chipmunk".
The deer received a package from Hedgehog.
There are fly agaric mushrooms in the parcel.
From Squirrel to Mole comes a parcel post
Nine hundred grams of nuts and seeds.
Sparrow reads a letter to Crow,
Which Nightingale wrote to her.
The post office works in the forest until sunset,
Haven't you heard Woodpecker, guys?

Akim Ya. “I am writing you a letter”

I'm writing you a letter
...And the piece of paper in the envelope is clean,
There are no letters or lines on it
A leaf smells like autumn -
A fallen leaf from a tree.
Just your address and name
I'll write on the envelope,
I'll find the blue box
I'll put down my piece of paper.
You will receive my letter
And suddenly you will be happy:
Life in the world is much better,
If a friend remembers a friend.
Write me an answer right away!
And the ink is running out -
Just put a feather in
What did the tit drop?

Riddles about mail and postmen

He brings letters to the house,
Long awaited...

With a heavy bag he walks around the area,
He puts letters in our mailbox...

Who is she -
Full-full?
Way to go with the postman
Shares together:
Carries news
And is he losing weight little by little?

We are blue.
Hanging on the wall.
And many greetings
We keep it within ourselves.

Who brings us newspapers
And greetings from grandma?

I'm blue
I hang it on the wall.
And many greetings
Kept in me.

Lives in Prostokvashino
He carries out his service there.
The post office house is located by the river.
The postman in it is uncle...

See the answers at the end of the page

Scenarios dedicated to postal services and postmen

1. Korovina, I. A. Who is knocking on my door? : [script: for children 7-9 years old] / I. A. Korovina // Books, sheet music and toys for Katyushka and Andryushka. – 2012. - No. 5. – P. 19-21.

The script is dedicated to Russian Postal Day (July 10) and aims to develop interest in reading books about postmen and mail.

2. Ivanova, S. A. How a letter travels [script: for children 7 years old] / S. A. Ivanova // Primary school. – 2011. - No. 4. – P. 41-43.

The scenario in an entertaining way introduces students to the work of the post office and postmen, reveals the role of postal services in people's lives and shows the path of a letter from the sender to the addressee.

3. Fedyushina, E. I. Game program “Post World” / E. I. Fedyushina, O. A. Polyakova // Pedagogical Council. – 2009. - No. 3. – P. 12-14.

During the game program, participants get acquainted with postal services, its types and history, and then participate in entertaining tasks that consolidate the acquired knowledge and develop the creative abilities of children.

Quiz "Mail. Telephone. Telegraph"

Complex and interesting questions from the quiz "Mail. Telephone. Telegraph"
Download the quiz

Cartoon films about postmen

Postman Bunny (1979)- a children's musical performance written based on Russian folk tales by playwright Georgy Fere and composer Igor Yakushenko.

The roles were voiced by:
Bunny, Fox – Clara Rumyanova
Wolf, Cat – Oleg Anofriev
Trezor – A. Levenburg
Polkan – L. Shimelov
Fluff – V. Tochilin
Rooster – A. Barantsev
Squirrel – V. Tolkunova
Bear – P. Babakov
Magpie – K. Smirnova
Hedgehog. – V. Abdulov
Titmouse – Zh. Rozhdestvenskaya

A series of cartoons about Prostokvashino

The main characters of the cartoon: the cat Matroskin, the dog Sharik, Uncle Fyodor, his parents dad and mom, as well as the postman Pechkin.

The action takes place in the village of Prostokvashino, which is located near Moscow.

In the first part "Three from Prostokvashino"- you will learn how Uncle Fyodor met the cat Matroskin and Sharik and about their adventures in the village of Prostokvashino.

In the second part "Holidays in Prostokvashino"- you will see how Matroskin, Uncle Fyodor and Sharik went to Prostokvashino, at the time when Uncle Fyodor’s parents left for Sochi. The cat Matroskin bought a cow, the dog Sharik took up photo hunting.

In the third part "Winter in Prostokvashino"- during the absence of Uncle Fyodor, the cat Matroskin and the dog Sharik quarreled, and the postman Pechkin witnessed this conflict.

Cartoon "Postman Pat" (2014)

Working as a postman is difficult, but very interesting, especially if you work together with a curious cat, ready for any adventure.

Postman Pat is preparing for a honeymoon and a romantic trip to Italy with his wife Sarah.
He is confident that he can afford it, thanks to the bonuses promised by his employer.

But when he arrives at the office after work, he finds a new boss who has canceled all bonuses and believes that being kind is a waste of time.
A saddened Pat arrives home, preparing to tell Sarah that the trip has been postponed indefinitely.

Find out about this by watching the cartoon!

Sound filmstrip. Bisset D. The Postman and the Pig

Universal Postal Convention

Answers to riddles about mail and the postman: 1. Postman. 2. Postman. 3. Messenger bag. 4. Mailboxes. 5. Postman. 6. Mailbox. 7. Pechkin.

Every year we give children gifts with riddles - it’s a whole quest, moving from one riddle to another, the child eventually finds a gift.

I came up with this myself when Yaroslav was little. There were no names like “quest” back then. I just wanted to entertain the child and surprise him. From a reading book she took riddles about everyday things - a refrigerator, a closet, shoes, a bathroom, laid out notes there, and handed the first one to him. There was delight - it’s impossible to describe!

And now this happens to us every year. My imagination for riddles is already exhausted. And this time I asked Yaroslav to find interesting riddles and puzzles for his brother.

Yaroslav tried and found riddles that I didn’t even know. I spent an hour on the Internet :)

I am sharing with you the finished quest design:

1. We hand the first note to the child. We had it in the “hands” of an inflatable Mickey Mouse

2. The unit trembles,
There is a thaw and a cold in it,
He is very happy at work
If you turn it off, it will sit in a puddle. ( Fridge)

3. There is a note in the refrigerator about closet

He stands in the corner against the wall.
Oh, he looks huge
But he is not punished at all.
Mom keeps things in it.

There is another note in the closet. You just need to hide it somewhere in a visible place, otherwise the closet is big, you could spend a day looking for the note

4. I am neither a sea nor a river,
I am not a lake, not a pond,
But like morning or evening -
People are all running towards me. ( Bath)

It’s interesting that I inserted a note into a vase with shells on the mirror, it was directly visible. But the children searched together and couldn’t find it! Apparently, the mirror has magical properties to make objects invisible.

5. And one more puzzle had to be solved in order to get to the treasured gift

Balcony

I tried to arrange the notes so that Gleb would have to run from one part of the apartment to the opposite: from the nursery - to the kitchen, again to the nursery, to the bathroom, to the balcony.

And then Gleb asked me: “Mom, how do you manage to sneak in quietly and spread out all the notes without even waking me up?”

The answer suggests itself: “When you become a dad, you won’t be able to do anything like that” :)

Gift quest- a way to give any gift in an original and fun way, turning it into an interesting, exciting game. Why this name? In general, a quest is a type of game with various codes and riddles that lead in a chain to the main prize. Main idea: the surprise is hidden in a secluded place, and the player is given a certain message-riddle-instruction with a hint where to look for the next note. Solving all the riddles leads the player to the place where the gift is located. The simplest version of this entertainment is an indoor quest.

Ready-made scenarios for conducting quests. Detailed information can be viewed by clicking on the image of interest.

Preparation

So, your task is to ensure that the player finds the gift in the right place after solving a series of riddles or completing mini-tasks. To do this you need:

1. Decide on a secluded place where you will hide the gift.
2. Make a chain of objects in your house that will lead to a hidden gift (the final point in it is the place where the gift will be). Hints and tasks can be hidden in a variety of places - from the washing machine and oven to the mailbox in the entrance. The chain needs to be carefully thought out so that the items do not intersect along the way and do not lead to a gift ahead of time.
3. Come up with and beautifully design messages-riddles-instructions.
4. Put all the messages in their places. To avoid confusion, you can number them and create a layout diagram for yourself.

The optimal number of stages is from 6 to 10: a larger number can make the quest tedious, and a smaller number can make the quest too fleeting. But this, of course, is a general recommendation - perhaps you will get a wonderful quest consisting of 5 stages (if the tasks are complex) or, conversely, 15 stages.

The quest can be made even more enjoyable and exciting if there are several gifts along the way (let the tasks be accompanied, for example, by chocolates or small souvenirs).

Puzzles

Where can I get riddles? The easiest option is to find riddles on the Internet, but you can also compose them yourself, since they do not at all have to correspond to poetic canons. And if they contain humor or something individual, personal (for example, related to some funny incident), then this will certainly be very pleasant for the birthday boy! To make your task easier, I offer a selection of riddles to help you create an indoor quest:

Every day at six in the morning
I'm shouting: it's time to get up!
(Alarm)

Who walks the night and walks the day,
Not knowing what laziness is?
(Watch)

Reveal your secrets
Ready for anyone
But you are from her
You won't hear a word!
(Book)

There is a leaf, there is a spine,
Although not a bush or a flower.
He will lie on his mother's lap,
He'll tell you everything.
(Book)

Not a bush, but with leaves,
Not a shirt, but sewn,
Not a person, but a storyteller.
(Book)

She speaks silently
But it’s understandable and not boring.
You talk to her more often -
You will become four times smarter!
(Book)

Near the wall, big and important,
The house is multi-story.
We're on the bottom floor
All residents have already been read.
(Bookshelf)

There is a portrait in the room,
Similar to you in everything.
You will laugh - and in response
He will laugh too.
(Mirror)

And it shines and shines,
It doesn't flatter anyone
And he will tell anyone the truth -
Everything will be shown to him as it is!
(Mirror)

I silently look at everyone
And everyone looks at me.
The merry ones see laughter
I cry with the sad.
(Mirror)

This eye is a special eye:
He will quickly look at you,
And will be born
The most accurate portrait of you!
(Camera)

What will this eye look at?
Everything will be transferred to the picture.
(Camera)

In this small thing
A warm wind settled in.
(Hairdryer)

Two bellies, four ears.
(Pillow)

She will fluff up her sides,
Its four corners,
And you, when night comes,
It will still attract you.
(Pillow)

I'm comfortable, very soft,
It’s not difficult for you to guess -
People really like me
Sit and lie down.
(Sofa)

There are hangers and shelves here,
It's like there are floors in a house,
Pants, blouses, T-shirts –
Everything is in order!
(Closet)

I really like to wander through carpets,
On soft sofas, in dark corners.
I always find delicious dust there
And I buzz loudly with pleasure.
(Vacuum cleaner)

Although he often inhales dust -
Doesn't get sick, doesn't sneeze.
(Vacuum cleaner)

If I see dust, I’ll grumble,
I'll finish it and swallow it!
(Vacuum cleaner)

I'm scurrying through matter,
I stick my sharp nose everywhere.
Oh, and I get angry and hiss.
I really don’t like wrinkled ones!
(Iron)

Strokes everything it touches
And if you touch it, it bites.
(Iron)

Lives without a tongue
Doesn't eat or drink
And he speaks and sings.
(Radio, TV)

What kind of miracle, what kind of box?
He himself is a singer and himself a storyteller,
And at the same time
Shows movies.
(TV)

Unfold the sheet quickly -
There you will see a lot of lines,
In the lines - news from the whole world
What kind of leaf is this?
(Newspaper)

Not a house, but not a street either.
High, but not scary.
(Balcony, loggia)

He is both at home and not at home,
Between heaven and earth.
Guess what, my friend,
What does the poem encrypt?
(Balcony)

He props up the window
We put flowers on it.
(Windowsill)

We always walk together,
Similar as brothers.
We are at dinner - under the table,
And at night - under the bed.
(Slippers)

I have legs, but I don’t walk,
I'm with my back, but I'm not lying,
You sit down - and I stand.
(Chair)

I look a little like a table
There are in the kitchen and hallway.
I'm rarely in the bedroom
And my name is...
(Stool)

Saves bread
Doesn't let you get stale.
For bread - a home,
He feels good in it.
(Breadbox)

On the stove is the boss of the pots.
Fat, long-nosed...
(Kettle)

Iron mouth
Grabbed a sandwich
Browned the sides -
And bye!
(Toaster)

They stuffed her mouth with meat,
And she chews it
He chews and chews and does not swallow -
Everything goes on a plate.
(Meat grinder)

And pancakes and omelet,
And potatoes for lunch
And the pancakes - wow!
It fries everything...
(Pan)

Fries meat, cooks soup,
Bakes pies.
She has it here and there
Very hot.
(Plate)

I have a big belly
It contains sausages, cheese, compote.
If you want to eat, don’t be shy,
Open your belly quickly!
(Fridge)

He's beautiful and cold
You won't go hungry with him!
Where it snows even in summer,
Another hint awaits you!
(Fridge)

Admire, look -
The North Pole is inside!
Snow and ice sparkle there,
Winter itself lives there.
Forever this winter for us
Brought from the store.
(Fridge)

Where there are delicious dinners, where there are family conversations.
(Kitchen table)

A close relative of the broom,
It will sweep the corners of the house.
He's certainly not a slacker.
It will help to remove litter...
(Broom)

Do you want to find the answer quickly?
Look for clues where there is bright light!
(Chandelier, floor lamp, sconce, table lamp)

You will always find a hint
Where the water splashes noisily.
(Bathroom)

There is a box in the bathroom
He looks with a transparent and round eye.
It's interesting to look into the eye when
There is water bubbling in this box.
(Washing machine)

I am related to Moydodyr,
Turn me away
And cold water
I'll wash you quickly.
(Crane with a note hanging from it)

He has a lot of teeth, but he doesn't eat anything.
(Comb)

In our house under the window
There is a hot accordion:
Doesn't sing or play -
She heats the house.
(Heating battery)

I'll let you into anyone's house,
If you knock, I'm glad to knock.
But I won’t forgive one thing -
If you don't give me your hand!
(Door)

There are both in the house and in the apartment,
Often more than four
And without them we cannot enter,
Always getting in the way!
(Door)

Greets everyone with one hand,
With the other hand he sees you off.
Doesn't offend anyone
But everyone just pushes her...
(Door)

On the squares of the board
The kings brought down the regiments.
Not for regimental battles
No cartridges, no bayonets.
(Chess)

Look, the house is standing
Filled with water to the brim,
Without windows, but not gloomy,
Transparent on four sides
Residents in this house
All are skilled swimmers.
(Aquarium)

Round, smooth like a watermelon
Any color, for different tastes.
If you let me off the leash,
It will fly away beyond the clouds.
(Balloon)

I'm lying in my school bag,
I'll tell you how you learn.
Diary

On New Year's Eve he came to the house
Such a ruddy fat man,
But every day he lost weight
And finally he disappeared completely.
(Calendar)

If you turn it, it’s a wedge,
If you unfold it, damn it.
(Umbrella)

He reveals himself
He's covering you up.
Only the rain will pass -
It will do the opposite.
(Umbrella)

The house is made of tin, and the residents in it are to lead.
(Mailbox)

It hangs in a prominent place
He swallows news all year round.
(Mailbox)

Options for possible clues and places where they can be hidden, as well as interesting ideas on how to play with some objects

• balloon with a message inside
• soft toy with a note in its paws
• instead of a riddle - a set of letters from which you need to make a word
• drawing with a hint inside the candy
• a plate of cake with an “Eat Me!” sign attached, with a note underneath the treat
• text file or picture (photo) with a hint on a flash drive
• SMS message or email indicating what to do next
• a hint in the camera - a pre-taken photograph of the next item in your chain; the player needs to take the camera and view the photos
• a hint in the newspaper - the required word is highlighted with a marker (circled with a pen) (or we highlight the letters in different articles from which the player needs to make a word)
• At one stage, the player finds objects or pictures that play an important role in some work (fairy tale) - the player must guess what kind of work it is and find a book with it. The book contains the following hint.
• In a riddle, the key word may not be the word “picture” itself, but what is depicted on it. For example, in the picture there is a waterfall. Then, having guessed the riddle, the birthday boy will think about what the word “waterfall” means: a faucet in the bathroom, a shower, or something else. Then he guesses about the picture.
• Make up a crossword puzzle (preferably on some interesting and suitable topic), in which the highlighted letters are the key words of the place where the gift is hidden.
• The player finds the message and sees the following: on the sheet there is a picture of a cell phone, from it there is an arrow to your pasted photo, from the photo of the shooter with the inscription “Code Word”, then again an arrow and some phrase (preferably it should be very funny). This hint asks you to call you on the phone and tell you your password - in response, you also say a phrase (for example, a rhyme or a proverb), in which the next hint is encrypted.
• Take a photo of the room where you are going to hide the gift, then print the photo in A4 format. Next, put it in a transparent file and put a cross on this file in the place where the surprise will lie. Then cut the photo into several parts. These will be “puzzles” that the birthday boy needs to assemble. At the final point of the chain, place a blank A4 sheet, a glue stick and a transparent file with a cross - the birthday boy will need to glue the “puzzles” onto a sheet of paper, put it in the file and see where the “treasure” lies.

As you can see, there are a lot of options. When preparing a quest, you can use these examples or give free rein to your imagination and come up with something original. The main thing is to put love into the preparation, and the return will definitely please you!

Beginning of the game

A message with a description of the game and the first riddle can be:

• Give to the birthday boy personally
• Send as SMS message
• Place it in a visible place or attach it to the wall
• Deliver it through friends or neighbors, using a courier service - it all depends on your imagination and your capabilities

Approximate text of the message:

"Happy birthday! A gift has been prepared for you, but it is safely hidden. Complete all the tasks, and then you will find him. Good luck! »

And then you watch as the player enthusiastically solves your messages and finds a gift. Alternatively, you can invite friends to participate, and then the adventure will turn into a real holiday for everyone. In any case, such a surprise will definitely please the birthday boy, and the memory of this wonderful adventure will warm him for a long time!

An approximate scenario for conducting a quest game in an apartment for a husband (beloved man)

(let's say you decide to hide a gift in the microwave)

Morning. Your other half walks into the bathroom and sees a beautiful message pinned to the wall, wishing him a happy birthday.

Below it says:

P.S. Look into the washing machine!

At this moment, you join your loved one and watch the search for a surprise.

The husband finds a message in the washing machine:

“I prepared a gift for you, but I won’t give it to you. I suggest you take part in the quest game and find my surprise yourself!

Kohl to all my riddles
Can you find the answer
Then you will receive a gift,
Or rather, you will find it yourself!”

It's written right there Riddle #1:

He's beautiful and cold
You won't go hungry with him!
(Fridge)

Riddle No. 2

In the refrigerator there is a plate with a cake, to which is attached a sign “Eat me!”, and at the bottom of the plate, under the cake, there is an image of a flash drive.

Riddle No. 3

On the flash drive there is a pre-created text file called “Happy Birthday!”, and there is the following riddle clue:

With one hand he greets everyone,
With the other hand he escorts you off.
Doesn't offend anyone
But everyone just pushes her...
(Door)

Riddle No. 4

Hidden on one of the doors is a small note rolled into a tube:

The house is made of tin, and the residents in it are lead.
(Mailbox)

Riddle No. 5

In the mailbox there is a “letter” - an envelope with a new riddle:

He is both at home and not at home,
Between heaven and earth.
Guess what, my friend,
What does the poem encrypt?
(Balcony)

Riddle No. 6

On the balcony is the following note:

I have legs, but I don’t walk,
I'm with my back, but I'm not lying,
You sit down - and I stand.
(Chair)

Riddle No. 7

There is a sticker with a riddle stuck under the seat of the chair:

Unfold the sheet quickly -
There you will see a lot of lines,
In the lines - news from the whole world
What kind of leaf is this?
(Newspaper)

Riddle No. 8

Hint in the newspaper - a word highlighted with a marker (circled with a pen) TV (or highlight in different articles the letters from which you need to make this word)

Riddle No. 9

There is a sticker on the back of the TV with a riddle on it:

What will this eye look at -
Everything will be transferred to the picture.
(Camera)

This will be the last riddle. The birthday boy’s task is to guess what to do next. The fact is that he needs to look through the photographs and find among them an image of a microwave oven (you need to prepare in advance - take a close-up photograph of the oven). Your loved one will find your gift in it!

If you want to please the birthday boy with more interesting and intricate tasks, or you don’t have the time and opportunity to find good ideas and decorate everything beautifully, I bring it to your attention. Based on the titles of the articles, you can find a suitable quest game scenario for any age.

You may also be interested in:

The balcony has become a familiar extension of the apartment these days. Everyone is so accustomed to its presence on the facades of buildings that it is probably impossible to imagine modern architecture without it. But a balcony is far from a modern design; its roots go back to the deep Middle Ages. They began to be built back in the 13th century, and they served for defensive purposes. These were monolithic stone structures protruding forward from the plane of the wall and having a solid stone fence. They were held in place by massive brackets that were attached to the wall. They used balconies mainly for observation and defense; they were built above the main gates of the city, so they can be called a decoration of the main city entrance.

The functionality and convenience of balconies were quickly appreciated and therefore they soon began to appear on the facades of residential buildings and public buildings. All sides of the structure, as before, remained tightly closed, and heavy forms began to be replaced with lighter structures because, being on the facade of the building, they served as its decoration. With the advent of the Gothic era, a new type of balcony appeared, having the shape of a cathedral pulpit. They had a semicircular configuration, and under the floor there was laid stonework with an overlap. Such pulpits were used to decorate the facades of houses and the interior decoration of premises.

During the Renaissance, loggias began to be installed on a special ledge, which was made in the wall. Metal fencing and a clearer shape of its various parts appear. The Venetian era adds brackets in the shape of animals and people to the design of balconies, creating the impression that the structures do not hang in the air, but are supported from below by their figures. At this time, intricate figured metal fences appeared, with a complex pattern of forged railings. Balconies become a decoration of buildings, so they try to make them unusually picturesque.

In Rus', these architectural elements appeared quite late, and they could only be found on the facades of royal palaces. In the Baroque era, the Catherine Palace was decorated with a large number of such structures; it was a special charm of those times, it emphasized the pomp of the building. At the end of the 19th century, the widespread use of balconies in the construction of apartment buildings began. The use of concrete and metal makes it possible to build more balconies into the facades of city houses; this becomes a not too expensive pleasure and a privilege not only for kings.

Origin of the word "balcony"

The word “balcony” itself has ancient German roots, and translated means “beam” or “log”. The Italians began to use it, giving the word a national flavor, and changed the word “balko” to “balcony”. This word refers to the projection of beams built into the wall. In this form, the word went around the world and spread widely along with the construction of these structures.

Modern balconies

Currently, a balcony is not only an opportunity to enjoy the surrounding landscape and fresh air, but also the prospect of expanding living space. Therefore, glazed loggias have become widely popular, in which you can arrange a storage room, an additional room, and a greenhouse for flowers.

The protruding spaces of modern houses can be divided into four main types:

• - a platform protruding from the wall, having fences and railings;
• Veranda– differs from a regular balcony in its larger size, mandatory covering on top and support in the form of columns;
• Loggia– a structure recessed into the facade of the building, having only one side;
• - an opening in the wall, fenced from the street, it does not have an exit platform.

In different countries, a certain balcony shape usually predominates, depending on the climatic conditions of the country. In countries with a sultry and hot climate, covered verandas and terraces are common, hiding from the scorching rays of the sun. Where the climate is more temperate, open structures and large verandas are used. In countries with cold and harsh weather, loggias are built in, and more often they do not use this architectural element at all.

Riddles about the balcony

People have always loved to envelop objects around them with secrets and extraordinary properties. Of course, the loggias were not ignored. Riddles about the balcony are very helpful in developing children's ingenuity and ability to think logically; the ability to use words to reproduce the image of an object develops imagination. And such an element of the building is not so easy to guess; for this you will have to think carefully. Let us give examples of several riddles, the answers to which will be the word “balcony”.

I'm from home to the doorstep
Just took one step,
The door closed behind me,
There is no way in front of me.

I'm both at home and not at home,
Between heaven and earth,
Guess what, friends,
Where am I?

Not a house, but not a street either,
High, but not scary.

Home is like home
A hundred pockets in it.
In every pocket -
Beds with flowers.

The riddle about the balcony can be invented by both adults and children. Let the kids think a little and describe this building element; you can probably put together a whole ballad from the existing descriptions. Such structures have become such an integral part of people’s lives that even the classics could not do without them; it is worth remembering “Romeo and Juliet”; the balcony can be called one of the characters in this world-famous work.

The history of its appearance can be called remarkable and interesting. In the Middle Ages, there were no toilets in houses, so people had to relieve themselves using special dishes, and their contents were often simply poured out the windows of houses, directly onto the pavement. Because of this, the smell of the cities was simply unbearable, and it caused a lot of inconvenience to passers-by. In Paris, a decree was issued prohibiting pouring out slop without shouting about it three times; a fine was provided for failure to comply with this law.

Even in the Louvre, the palace of French nobles and kings, not a single toilet could be found in those days. Guests and courtiers had to either squat on the wide window sills or demand a special vase. The use of windows was extremely inconvenient, so they began to make special windows up to the floor, and to prevent nobles from falling out of them, they made a special barrier. Modern French balconies, of course, are not used for their original purpose; they serve as decoration of the facade and emphasize the unusualness of the interior, but the original name is assigned to them.

Living in modern houses and using various objects in everyday life, usually no one thinks about their origin, but everything has its own deep history. Much remains unchanged from its original image, and some objects have changed so much that it is hard to even imagine what they were like at the very beginning of their journey.

A newspaper and a leaflet fell on him:
He will keep and not give anything away.
As soon as the owner approaches him:
He will open the door and give you the mail.
Answer: mailbox

He loves to eat very much
Letters and newspaper
But open it with the key,
He will give everything to the news.
Answer: mailbox

These items are very important
They keep news and letters.
You can safely find them at home,
Of course, you can go to the post office.
Answer: mailboxes

Yesterday I threw a new letter directly at him,
It is stored safely in it, it will not get wet or tear:
The letter lives well.
The letter has a good house, with a real lock,
Have you guessed it, kids? That ******** ****
Answer: mailbox

I dropped by the post office and dropped the letter there,
Who took my letter? That's the iron general.
He is the boss of all newspapers, letters and parcels,
The keeper is real, simple ******** ****
Answer: mailbox

He lives in our house
Gives out newspapers to everyone,
The one who looks after the letters,
That's our ******** ****
Answer: mailbox

He works at the post office or in residential buildings,
He meets you often and is always very happy to see you.
He will save your letters and newspapers and news.
If you get the key, he will give it back right away.
Answer: mailbox

He deftly swallows letters,
But he will willingly give,
He's a journalist's assistant
He is the receiving recipient.
Answer: mailbox

A narrow and iron mouth will quickly steal letters,
So you won’t get them if you don’t show them the key.
Answer: mailbox

It looks like a cute little house
But no one lives in it,
Because it is very necessary
For newspapers or for bills.
After all, it’s not difficult to guess that that house-
******** ****
Answer: mailbox

He's such a big glutton
Everyone loves to eat, everyone, everything,
Bill, letter or newspaper -
Don't crowd anything.
Answer: mailbox

All year round brings news,
But always in the same place
How can this happen, friends?
He's just ******** ****
Answer: mailbox

Where do all our letters live? Is there a newspaper house?
Where do our parcels visit us when they stay overnight?
This is why this simple object was invented,
Everyone in the house really needs it, mail is a priority.
Answer: mailbox

What if someone else takes my parcels and letters?
It’s unlikely that this box will save our mail.
Answer: mailbox

Look at the wall boldly
He hides there skillfully
Everything that you and I were sent,
So that the news is not stolen.
Answer: mailbox

They sent me a letter yesterday,
Where did it go?
Where should I look for him now?
I need to look in the box.
You guessed it, kids,
Letter where the boy hid?
Answer: in the mailbox

Other riddles:

Picture Mailbox

Some interesting children's riddles

• Riddles about Berries for children with answers

  This plant is covered with white inflorescences, and then turns into red berries. Both birds and children love it, the most delicious and healthy in the world. (Kalina).

 

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